# United Kingdom PEN: INC: Employers special contributions: Defined benefit (ended 2018) ()

United Kingdom PEN: INC: Employers special contributions: Defined benefit (ended 2018) () was down 43.6% year on year in Q4 2018, compared with −36.3% in Q3 2018.
The level stood at 1,670.0 £m.
Over the past available history it has ranged from −54.7% (Q2 2018) to 236.3% (Q2 2010), averaging 10.6%.

- Source agency: UK Office for National Statistics
- Makrognosis code: `UK.INSTINVEST.Q.NSA.ITEM-IQ4G.MEASURE-INCOME.SECTOR-PENSIONS`
- Frequency: quarterly
- Units: £m
- Coverage: 2009-01-01 to 2018-10-01 (40 observations)
- Page: https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/data/united-kingdom/pen-inc-employers-special-contributions-defined-benefit-ended-2018

## Recent data

| Period | Value | Y/Y % |
|---|---:|---:|
| Q4 2018 | 1,670.0 £m | −43.6 |
| Q3 2018 | 2,122.0 £m | −36.3 |
| Q2 2018 | 1,929.0 £m | −54.7 |
| Q1 2018 | 2,943.0 £m | −42.8 |
| Q4 2017 | 2,963.0 £m | 1.0 |
| Q3 2017 | 3,333.0 £m | 39.0 |
| Q2 2017 | 4,256.0 £m | 133.1 |
| Q1 2017 | 5,141.0 £m | −40.6 |
| Q4 2016 | 2,935.0 £m | −10.5 |
| Q3 2016 | 2,398.0 £m | 11.3 |
| Q2 2016 | 1,826.0 £m | −16.2 |
| Q1 2016 | 8,662.0 £m | 134.7 |
| Q4 2015 | 3,279.0 £m | 17.5 |
| Q3 2015 | 2,155.0 £m | −12.2 |
| Q2 2015 | 2,179.0 £m | −18.1 |
| Q1 2015 | 3,691.0 £m | −13.3 |
| Q4 2014 | 2,790.0 £m | −3.8 |
| Q3 2014 | 2,455.0 £m | −5.0 |
| Q2 2014 | 2,661.0 £m | −2.9 |
| Q1 2014 | 4,255.0 £m | −42.7 |
| Q4 2013 | 2,900.0 £m | −19.7 |
| Q3 2013 | 2,585.0 £m | −12.1 |
| Q2 2013 | 2,740.0 £m | −8.7 |
| Q1 2013 | 7,427.0 £m | −7.2 |

## API

```
curl -H "X-API-Key: $MAKROGNOSIS_KEY" \
  "https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/v1/series/UK.INSTINVEST.Q.NSA.ITEM-IQ4G.MEASURE-INCOME.SECTOR-PENSIONS"

# Python
import requests
r = requests.get("https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/v1/series/UK.INSTINVEST.Q.NSA.ITEM-IQ4G.MEASURE-INCOME.SECTOR-PENSIONS",
                 headers={"X-API-Key": KEY})
obs = r.json()["observations"]
```