# United Kingdom PEN: INC: Employers normal contributions: Defined benefit (ended 2018) ()

United Kingdom PEN: INC: Employers normal contributions: Defined benefit (ended 2018) () was down 17.6% year on year in Q4 2018, compared with 2.4% in Q3 2018.
The level stood at 4,228.0 £m.
Over the past ten years it has ranged from −30.5% (Q2 2018) to 17.2% (Q2 2017), averaging −0.9%.

- Source agency: UK Office for National Statistics
- Makrognosis code: `UK.INSTINVEST.Q.NSA.ITEM-SFXF.MEASURE-INCOME.SECTOR-PENSIONS`
- Frequency: quarterly
- Units: £m
- Coverage: 2004-01-01 to 2018-10-01 (60 observations)
- Page: https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/data/united-kingdom/pen-inc-employers-normal-contributions-defined-benefit-ended-2018

## Recent data

| Period | Value | Y/Y % |
|---|---:|---:|
| Q4 2018 | 4,228.0 £m | −17.6 |
| Q3 2018 | 4,414.0 £m | 2.4 |
| Q2 2018 | 4,178.0 £m | −30.5 |
| Q1 2018 | 4,801.0 £m | −11.4 |
| Q4 2017 | 5,134.0 £m | 1.5 |
| Q3 2017 | 4,312.0 £m | −8.8 |
| Q2 2017 | 6,010.0 £m | 17.2 |
| Q1 2017 | 5,420.0 £m | 0.1 |
| Q4 2016 | 5,057.0 £m | 13.2 |
| Q3 2016 | 4,727.0 £m | −0.8 |
| Q2 2016 | 5,127.0 £m | 3.5 |
| Q1 2016 | 5,412.0 £m | −5.5 |
| Q4 2015 | 4,468.0 £m | −22.2 |
| Q3 2015 | 4,766.0 £m | 0.2 |
| Q2 2015 | 4,953.0 £m | 6.4 |
| Q1 2015 | 5,730.0 £m | 9.1 |
| Q4 2014 | 5,745.0 £m | 0.5 |
| Q3 2014 | 4,758.0 £m | −8.4 |
| Q2 2014 | 4,655.0 £m | −8.7 |
| Q1 2014 | 5,252.0 £m | −8.1 |
| Q4 2013 | 5,715.0 £m | 5.1 |
| Q3 2013 | 5,194.0 £m | 1.4 |
| Q2 2013 | 5,096.0 £m | 0.4 |
| Q1 2013 | 5,714.0 £m | −1.8 |

## API

```
curl -H "X-API-Key: $MAKROGNOSIS_KEY" \
  "https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/v1/series/UK.INSTINVEST.Q.NSA.ITEM-SFXF.MEASURE-INCOME.SECTOR-PENSIONS"

# Python
import requests
r = requests.get("https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/v1/series/UK.INSTINVEST.Q.NSA.ITEM-SFXF.MEASURE-INCOME.SECTOR-PENSIONS",
                 headers={"X-API-Key": KEY})
obs = r.json()["observations"]
```