# United Kingdom INS: LT: Surplus/deficit of income over expenditure (ended 2018) ()

United Kingdom INS: LT: Surplus/deficit of income over expenditure (ended 2018) () was up 62.6% year on year in Q4 2018, compared with −36.4% in Q3 2018.
The level stood at 7,703.0 £m.
That is the highest reading since Q3 2016.
Over the past ten years it has ranged from −474.4% (Q4 2008) to 8,543.9% (Q1 2013), averaging 398.0%.

- Source agency: UK Office for National Statistics
- Makrognosis code: `UK.INSTINVEST.Q.NSA.ITEM-RKZL.MEASURE-LONGTERMINS.SECTOR-INSURANCE`
- Frequency: quarterly
- Units: £m
- Coverage: 1992-01-01 to 2018-10-01 (108 observations)
- Page: https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/data/united-kingdom/ins-lt-surplus-deficit-of-income-over-expenditure-ended-2018

## Recent data

| Period | Value | Y/Y % |
|---|---:|---:|
| Q4 2018 | 7,703.0 £m | 62.6 |
| Q3 2018 | 2,202.0 £m | −36.4 |
| Q2 2018 | 5,192.0 £m | — |
| Q1 2018 | −1,959.0 £m | −178.4 |
| Q4 2017 | 4,738.0 £m | — |
| Q3 2017 | 3,461.0 £m | −63.9 |
| Q2 2017 | −261.0 £m | −107.4 |
| Q1 2017 | 2,500.0 £m | −57.3 |
| Q4 2016 | −143.0 £m | −109.0 |
| Q3 2016 | 9,596.0 £m | 228.9 |
| Q2 2016 | 3,549.0 £m | — |
| Q1 2016 | 5,854.0 £m | — |
| Q4 2015 | 1,584.0 £m | −84.9 |
| Q3 2015 | 2,918.0 £m | 246.1 |
| Q2 2015 | −38.00 £m | — |
| Q1 2015 | −1,606.0 £m | — |
| Q4 2014 | 10,507 £m | 48.6 |
| Q3 2014 | 843.0 £m | — |
| Q2 2014 | −568.0 £m | — |
| Q1 2014 | −1,157.0 £m | −120.3 |
| Q4 2013 | 7,071.0 £m | 2,425.4 |
| Q3 2013 | −1,226.0 £m | −154.7 |
| Q2 2013 | −3,985.0 £m | — |
| Q1 2013 | 5,705.0 £m | 8,543.9 |

## API

```
curl -H "X-API-Key: $MAKROGNOSIS_KEY" \
  "https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/v1/series/UK.INSTINVEST.Q.NSA.ITEM-RKZL.MEASURE-LONGTERMINS.SECTOR-INSURANCE"

# Python
import requests
r = requests.get("https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/v1/series/UK.INSTINVEST.Q.NSA.ITEM-RKZL.MEASURE-LONGTERMINS.SECTOR-INSURANCE",
                 headers={"X-API-Key": KEY})
obs = r.json()["observations"]
```