# United Kingdom INS: LT: I&E: EXP: Excess/shortfall of income over expenditure in P&L account (ended 2008) ()

United Kingdom INS: LT: I&E: EXP: Excess/shortfall of income over expenditure in P&L account (ended 2008) () was 1,079.0 £m in 2008, up 76.3% from 2007.
That is the highest reading since 2004.
Over the past ten years it has ranged from −1,366.0 £m (2000) to 5,299.0 £m (2001), averaging 1,287.5 £m.

- Source agency: UK Office for National Statistics
- Makrognosis code: `UK.INSTINVEST.A.NSA.ITEM-RKFD.MEASURE-LONGTERMINS.SECTOR-INSURANCE`
- Frequency: annual
- Units: £m
- Coverage: 1986-01-01 to 2008-01-01 (23 observations)
- Page: https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/data/united-kingdom/ins-lt-i-and-e-exp-excess-shortfall-of-income-over-expenditure-in-p-and

## Recent data

| Period | Value |
|---|---:|
| 2008 | 1,079.0 £m |
| 2007 | 612.0 £m |
| 2006 | 446.0 £m |
| 2005 | 659.0 £m |
| 2004 | 2,660.0 £m |
| 2003 | −671.0 £m |
| 2002 | 3,230.0 £m |
| 2001 | 5,299.0 £m |
| 2000 | −1,366.0 £m |
| 1999 | 515.0 £m |
| 1998 | 1,700.0 £m |
| 1997 | 3,287.0 £m |
| 1996 | 1,221.0 £m |
| 1995 | 197.0 £m |
| 1994 | 287.0 £m |
| 1993 | −1,021.0 £m |
| 1992 | −304.0 £m |
| 1991 | 163.0 £m |
| 1990 | −4.00 £m |
| 1989 | 25.00 £m |
| 1988 | 6.00 £m |
| 1987 | 3.00 £m |
| 1986 | −1.00 £m |

## API

```
curl -H "X-API-Key: $MAKROGNOSIS_KEY" \
  "https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/v1/series/UK.INSTINVEST.A.NSA.ITEM-RKFD.MEASURE-LONGTERMINS.SECTOR-INSURANCE"

# Python
import requests
r = requests.get("https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/v1/series/UK.INSTINVEST.A.NSA.ITEM-RKFD.MEASURE-LONGTERMINS.SECTOR-INSURANCE",
                 headers={"X-API-Key": KEY})
obs = r.json()["observations"]
```