# United Kingdom INS: LT: EXP: Taxation, commissions, fees, administrative & other expenses (ended 2018) ()

United Kingdom INS: LT: EXP: Taxation, commissions, fees, administrative & other expenses (ended 2018) () was down 49.1% year on year in Q4 2018, compared with −0.10% in Q3 2018.
The level stood at 2,524.0 £m.
That is the lowest reading since Q2 2008.
Over the past ten years it has ranged from −49.1% (Q4 2018) to 117.3% (Q1 2009), averaging 7.8%.

- Source agency: UK Office for National Statistics
- Makrognosis code: `UK.INSTINVEST.Q.NSA.ITEM-RKDA.MEASURE-LONGTERMINS.SECTOR-INSURANCE`
- Frequency: quarterly
- Units: £m
- Coverage: 1992-01-01 to 2018-10-01 (108 observations)
- Page: https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/data/united-kingdom/ins-lt-exp-taxation-commissions-fees-administrative-and-other-expenses

## Recent data

| Period | Value | Y/Y % |
|---|---:|---:|
| Q4 2018 | 2,524.0 £m | −49.1 |
| Q3 2018 | 3,151.0 £m | −0.10 |
| Q2 2018 | 3,858.0 £m | 6.8 |
| Q1 2018 | 1,850.0 £m | −47.1 |
| Q4 2017 | 4,955.0 £m | 6.5 |
| Q3 2017 | 3,154.0 £m | −22.0 |
| Q2 2017 | 3,612.0 £m | −2.5 |
| Q1 2017 | 3,499.0 £m | 6.2 |
| Q4 2016 | 4,651.0 £m | 6.0 |
| Q3 2016 | 4,044.0 £m | 69.1 |
| Q2 2016 | 3,704.0 £m | 38.3 |
| Q1 2016 | 3,296.0 £m | −19.0 |
| Q4 2015 | 4,388.0 £m | −0.7 |
| Q3 2015 | 2,392.0 £m | −19.4 |
| Q2 2015 | 2,678.0 £m | −32.0 |
| Q1 2015 | 4,067.0 £m | 39.1 |
| Q4 2014 | 4,419.0 £m | 6.2 |
| Q3 2014 | 2,968.0 £m | −11.3 |
| Q2 2014 | 3,936.0 £m | 21.9 |
| Q1 2014 | 2,924.0 £m | −27.5 |
| Q4 2013 | 4,162.0 £m | −14.0 |
| Q3 2013 | 3,346.0 £m | −4.2 |
| Q2 2013 | 3,230.0 £m | −13.1 |
| Q1 2013 | 4,035.0 £m | 20.1 |

## API

```
curl -H "X-API-Key: $MAKROGNOSIS_KEY" \
  "https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/v1/series/UK.INSTINVEST.Q.NSA.ITEM-RKDA.MEASURE-LONGTERMINS.SECTOR-INSURANCE"

# Python
import requests
r = requests.get("https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/v1/series/UK.INSTINVEST.Q.NSA.ITEM-RKDA.MEASURE-LONGTERMINS.SECTOR-INSURANCE",
                 headers={"X-API-Key": KEY})
obs = r.json()["observations"]
```