# United Kingdom INS: GEN: I&E: EXP: Excess/shortfall of income over expenditure in P&L account (ended 2008) ()

United Kingdom INS: GEN: I&E: EXP: Excess/shortfall of income over expenditure in P&L account (ended 2008) () was 1,254.0 £m in 2008, down 68.8% from 2007.
That is the lowest reading since 2003.
Over the past ten years it has ranged from −817.0 £m (2003) to 5,431.0 £m (2006), averaging 2,350.9 £m.

- Source agency: UK Office for National Statistics
- Makrognosis code: `UK.INSTINVEST.A.NSA.ITEM-RKHC.MEASURE-GENERAL.SECTOR-INSURANCE`
- Frequency: annual
- Units: £m
- Coverage: 1986-01-01 to 2008-01-01 (23 observations)
- Page: https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/data/united-kingdom/ins-gen-i-and-e-exp-excess-shortfall-of-income-over-expenditure-in-p

## Recent data

| Period | Value |
|---|---:|
| 2008 | 1,254.0 £m |
| 2007 | 4,018.0 £m |
| 2006 | 5,431.0 £m |
| 2005 | 4,239.0 £m |
| 2004 | 2,963.0 £m |
| 2003 | −817.0 £m |
| 2002 | 696.0 £m |
| 2001 | 2,228.0 £m |
| 2000 | 3,056.0 £m |
| 1999 | 2,031.0 £m |
| 1998 | 761.0 £m |
| 1997 | 3,405.0 £m |
| 1996 | 2,969.0 £m |
| 1995 | −328.0 £m |
| 1994 | 45.00 £m |
| 1993 | 1,934.0 £m |
| 1992 | −83.00 £m |
| 1991 | −2,984.0 £m |
| 1990 | −3,345.0 £m |
| 1989 | 802.0 £m |
| 1988 | 963.0 £m |
| 1987 | 266.0 £m |
| 1986 | 537.0 £m |

## API

```
curl -H "X-API-Key: $MAKROGNOSIS_KEY" \
  "https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/v1/series/UK.INSTINVEST.A.NSA.ITEM-RKHC.MEASURE-GENERAL.SECTOR-INSURANCE"

# Python
import requests
r = requests.get("https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/v1/series/UK.INSTINVEST.A.NSA.ITEM-RKHC.MEASURE-GENERAL.SECTOR-INSURANCE",
                 headers={"X-API-Key": KEY})
obs = r.json()["observations"]
```