# United Kingdom INS: GEN: BAL: Overseas borrowing (ended 2018) ()

United Kingdom INS: GEN: BAL: Overseas borrowing (ended 2018) () was up 55.3% year on year in Q4 2018, compared with −36.9% in Q3 2018.
The level stood at 2,103.0 £m.
That is the highest reading since Q3 2007.
Over the past ten years it has ranged from −67.2% (Q2 2014) to 55.3% (Q4 2018), averaging −13.5%.

- Source agency: UK Office for National Statistics
- Makrognosis code: `UK.INSTINVEST.Q.NSA.ITEM-RYMD.MEASURE-GENERAL.SECTOR-INSURANCE`
- Frequency: quarterly
- Units: £m
- Coverage: 1985-10-01 to 2018-10-01 (132 observations)
- Page: https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/data/united-kingdom/ins-gen-bal-overseas-borrowing-ended-2018

## Recent data

| Period | Value | Y/Y % |
|---|---:|---:|
| Q4 2018 | 2,103.0 £m | 55.3 |
| Q3 2018 | 1,312.0 £m | −36.9 |
| Q2 2018 | 1,476.0 £m | −24.8 |
| Q1 2018 | 1,386.0 £m | 7.5 |
| Q4 2017 | 1,354.0 £m | −5.7 |
| Q3 2017 | 2,080.0 £m | 43.2 |
| Q2 2017 | 1,963.0 £m | 50.5 |
| Q1 2017 | 1,289.0 £m | −7.5 |
| Q4 2016 | 1,436.0 £m | 5.5 |
| Q3 2016 | 1,453.0 £m | −4.5 |
| Q2 2016 | 1,304.0 £m | −12.7 |
| Q1 2016 | 1,393.0 £m | — |
| Q4 2015 | 1,361.0 £m | — |
| Q3 2015 | 1,521.0 £m | — |
| Q2 2015 | 1,493.0 £m | — |
| Q4 2014 | 1,147.0 £m | −55.0 |
| Q3 2014 | 1,144.0 £m | −60.7 |
| Q2 2014 | 1,121.0 £m | −67.2 |
| Q1 2014 | 1,049.0 £m | −65.2 |
| Q4 2013 | 2,547.0 £m | −21.4 |
| Q3 2013 | 2,911.0 £m | −27.7 |
| Q2 2013 | 3,419.0 £m | −27.3 |
| Q1 2013 | 3,011.0 £m | −36.7 |
| Q4 2012 | 3,240.0 £m | −30.8 |

## API

```
curl -H "X-API-Key: $MAKROGNOSIS_KEY" \
  "https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/v1/series/UK.INSTINVEST.Q.NSA.ITEM-RYMD.MEASURE-GENERAL.SECTOR-INSURANCE"

# Python
import requests
r = requests.get("https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/v1/series/UK.INSTINVEST.Q.NSA.ITEM-RYMD.MEASURE-GENERAL.SECTOR-INSURANCE",
                 headers={"X-API-Key": KEY})
obs = r.json()["observations"]
```