# United Kingdom INS: COM: BAL: Overseas borrowing (ended 2018) ()

United Kingdom INS: COM: BAL: Overseas borrowing (ended 2018) () was up 38.9% year on year in Q4 2018, compared with −28.7% in Q3 2018.
The level stood at 2,723.0 £m.
That is the highest reading since Q3 2017.
Over the past ten years it has ranged from −54.9% (Q2 2014) to 51.3% (Q3 2017), averaging −12.5%.

- Source agency: UK Office for National Statistics
- Makrognosis code: `UK.INSTINVEST.Q.NSA.ITEM-RBML.MEASURE-COMMERCIAL.SECTOR-INSURANCE`
- Frequency: quarterly
- Units: £m
- Coverage: 1985-10-01 to 2018-10-01 (132 observations)
- Page: https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/data/united-kingdom/ins-com-bal-overseas-borrowing-ended-2018

## Recent data

| Period | Value | Y/Y % |
|---|---:|---:|
| Q4 2018 | 2,723.0 £m | 38.9 |
| Q3 2018 | 1,918.0 £m | −28.7 |
| Q2 2018 | 2,084.0 £m | −8.8 |
| Q1 2018 | 1,994.0 £m | 24.1 |
| Q4 2017 | 1,961.0 £m | 12.4 |
| Q3 2017 | 2,691.0 £m | 51.3 |
| Q2 2017 | 2,285.0 £m | 39.7 |
| Q1 2017 | 1,607.0 £m | −11.6 |
| Q4 2016 | 1,745.0 £m | −7.0 |
| Q3 2016 | 1,778.0 £m | −11.8 |
| Q2 2016 | 1,636.0 £m | −28.5 |
| Q1 2016 | 1,818.0 £m | — |
| Q4 2015 | 1,876.0 £m | — |
| Q3 2015 | 2,015.0 £m | — |
| Q2 2015 | 2,288.0 £m | — |
| Q4 2014 | 1,924.0 £m | −41.3 |
| Q3 2014 | 1,940.0 £m | −47.8 |
| Q2 2014 | 1,938.0 £m | −54.9 |
| Q1 2014 | 1,894.0 £m | −51.0 |
| Q4 2013 | 3,280.0 £m | −15.1 |
| Q3 2013 | 3,718.0 £m | −22.4 |
| Q2 2013 | 4,300.0 £m | −23.4 |
| Q1 2013 | 3,866.0 £m | −34.4 |
| Q4 2012 | 3,864.0 £m | −36.2 |

## API

```
curl -H "X-API-Key: $MAKROGNOSIS_KEY" \
  "https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/v1/series/UK.INSTINVEST.Q.NSA.ITEM-RBML.MEASURE-COMMERCIAL.SECTOR-INSURANCE"

# Python
import requests
r = requests.get("https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/v1/series/UK.INSTINVEST.Q.NSA.ITEM-RBML.MEASURE-COMMERCIAL.SECTOR-INSURANCE",
                 headers={"X-API-Key": KEY})
obs = r.json()["observations"]
```