# United Kingdom BoP: Trade in Services (Imports): Research and Development Total: CPNSA ()

United Kingdom BoP: Trade in Services (Imports): Research and Development Total: CPNSA () was 14,462 £m in 2025, up 8.7% from 2024.
That is the highest reading since the series began in 1991.
Over the past ten years it has ranged from 5,307.0 £m (2015) to 14,462 £m (2025), averaging 9,788.7 £m.

- Source agency: UK Office for National Statistics
- Makrognosis code: `UK.IMPORTS.A.NSA.ITEM-FJDQ`
- Frequency: annual
- Units: £m
- Coverage: 1991-01-01 to 2025-01-01 (35 observations)
- Page: https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/data/united-kingdom/bop-trade-in-services-imports-research-and-development-total-cpnsa

## Recent data

| Period | Value |
|---|---:|
| 2025 | 14,462 £m |
| 2024 | 13,304 £m |
| 2023 | 13,619 £m |
| 2022 | 12,397 £m |
| 2021 | 10,136 £m |
| 2020 | 8,969.0 £m |
| 2019 | 8,877.0 £m |
| 2018 | 7,973.0 £m |
| 2017 | 7,062.0 £m |
| 2016 | 5,570.0 £m |
| 2015 | 5,307.0 £m |
| 2014 | 4,009.0 £m |
| 2013 | 4,057.0 £m |
| 2012 | 3,719.0 £m |
| 2011 | 4,224.0 £m |
| 2010 | 4,421.0 £m |
| 2009 | 3,947.0 £m |
| 2008 | 3,912.0 £m |
| 2007 | 2,381.0 £m |
| 2006 | 2,313.0 £m |
| 2005 | 2,132.0 £m |
| 2004 | 1,903.0 £m |
| 2003 | 1,208.0 £m |
| 2002 | 680.0 £m |

## API

```
curl -H "X-API-Key: $MAKROGNOSIS_KEY" \
  "https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/v1/series/UK.IMPORTS.A.NSA.ITEM-FJDQ"

# Python
import requests
r = requests.get("https://makrognosis.robomacro.com/v1/series/UK.IMPORTS.A.NSA.ITEM-FJDQ",
                 headers={"X-API-Key": KEY})
obs = r.json()["observations"]
```